Electrocoagulation cells consist of pairs of parallel metal plate electrodes separated by a few millimetres with a low voltage applied at high current densities.
The current flowing between the electrodes destabilises electrical charges, which maintain suspensions of particulates, e.g. clays, and emulsions/micro-emulsions of hydrocarbons and insoluble organic compounds. The particulates coagulate together into flocs. The hydrocarbons and insoluble organic compounds coalesce into larger droplets and rise in the cells.
Electrochemical reactions at the electrodes produce very fine H2 and O2 gas bubbles and highly chemically reactive hydroxyl OH- and superoxide HO2- radicals. The gas bubbles promote the flotation of coagulated solids and coalesced hydrocarbons, etc. The hydroxyl and superoxide radicals cause precipitation of hydroxides of heavy metals and breakdown of many soluble organic molecules. For more information: http://www.globaladvantech.com/Decontamination/Decontamination.htm
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